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1.
Rev. chil. cardiol ; 41(3): 165-169, dic. 2022. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1423688

ABSTRACT

Introducción: 25% de personas con hiperinsulinismo desarrolla diabetes 3-5 años luego del primer diagnóstico y 70% lo hará en el resto de la vida. Intervenir los niveles de glicemia desde que se detecta hiperinsulinemia evita la progresión a diabetes y restaura el metabolismo glicémico. Objetivos: Determinar la prevalencia de hiperinsulinismo patológico post-carga de glucosa (HPPG) y su relación con factores de riesgo cardiovascular en adultos 100 UI/ml a las 2 horas), sexo, hipertensión arterial, dislipidemia, malnutrición por exceso, sedentarismo, tabaquismo, ateromatosis e infarto miocárdico documentado. Con STATA 17 se calculó la prevalencia de variables en población general y según categoría de HPPG y se evaluó la significancia con prueba exacta de Fisher. Se compararon medias con ANOVA y t-test con nivel de significancia <0,05. Se usó regresión binomial para estimar Razón de Prevalencia e intervalos de confianza en variables cuantitativas y cualitativas. Resultados: la prevalencia de HPPG fue 41%. La edad promedio 37,5 años, el sexo masculino 52,9%, la hipertensión-arterial 40,5% y la dislipidemia 74,4%. Al comparar las poblaciones con y sin HPPG existieron diferencia estadísticamente significativa en las variables dislipidemia, hipertensión-arterial, malnutrición por exceso y sexo-masculino. La razón de prevalencia alcanzó a un 62%, 37%, 59% y 20% respectivamente. Conclusión: Se encontró una alta prevalencia de HPPG. Los factores de riesgo asociados a ella fueron dislipidemia, hipertensión arterial, malnutrición por exceso y sexo masculino. Esto sugiere que encontrar HPPG puede ser de utilidad para detectar precozmente a la población con un mayor riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular.


Introduction: 25% of people with hyperinsulinism develop diabetes 3-5 years after the first diagnosis and 70% will do so in the rest of their lives. To control glycemia levels as soon as hyperinsulinemia is detected, progression to diabetes is prevented and glycemic metabolism is restored. Aim: To determine the prevalence of post-glucose load pathological hyperinsulinism (HPPG) and its relationship with cardiovascular risk factors in adults 100 uIU/ ml at 2 hours), sex, hypertension, dyslipidemia, excess malnutrition due to, sedentary lifestyle, smoking, documented atheromatosis and myocardial infarction. The prevalence of variables in the general population was calculated and, in relation to the HPPG category, significance is evaluated with Fisher's exact test. Finally means are compared with ANOVA and t-test. With significance level <0.05. Binomial regression was used to estimate the prevalence ratio and confidence intervals in quantitative and qualitative variables. Statistical analysis was performed with the STATA 17 software. Results: HPPG prevalence was 41%, mean age 37.5 years, male sex 52.9%, arterial hypertension 40.5% and dyslipidemia 74.4%. Un relation to the presence of HPPG a statistically significant difference in the variables dyslipidemia, arterial hypertension, malnutrition due to excess and male sex was found. The prevalence ratios were 62%, 37%, 59% and 20%, respectively. Conclusion: A high prevalence of HPPG was found. Risk factors associated to HPPG were dyslipidemia, arterial hypertension, malnutrition due to excess and male sex. Thus, HPPG can play a role in the early detection of a higher risk of cardiovascular disease in the general population.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology , Heart Disease Risk Factors , Hyperinsulinism/etiology , Blood Glucose , Insulin Resistance , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Plaque, Atherosclerotic , Hyperinsulinism/complications , Hypoglycemia
2.
Int. j. morphol ; 39(3): 802-808, jun. 2021. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1385386

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY: Dental caries corresponds to an ecological and non-contagious, dynamic and chronic disease of multifactorial origin; currently there is evidence of how genetic factors could be included as predisposing agents to suffer it, however this evidence is diverse and incipient. a cross-sectional study was p erformed to investigate the possible associations of DSPP (rs36094464), RUNX2 (rs566712) and KLK4 (rs198968) polymorphisms in early childhood caries. Saliva samples of children (2-11years old) were collected and genotyped for DSPP (rs36094464), RUNX2 (rs566712) and KLK4 (rs198968) polymorphisms. Through the ceft index their caries history was determined and the gene variants were students through molecular biology techniques. polymorphisms of the DSSP (rs36094464) and RUNX2 (rs566712) are associated and contribute to the susceptibility of dental caries disease in early childhood, as they are related to their history of caries. KLK4 (rs198968) polymorphisms are not associated. In conclusions, the studied polymorphisms on DSSP and RUNX2 genes are associated with changes in the tooth microarchitecture, favoring the appearance of microlesions that would contribute to dental caries disease susceptibility in early childhood. Also, no association was found for the studied polymorphism of the KLK4 gene with dental caries disease susceptibility.


RESUMEN: La caries dental corresponde a una enfermedad crónica, no contagiosa, dinámica y de origen multifactorial. Actualmente existe evidencia de cómo los factores genéticos podrían incluirse como agentes predisponentes, sin embargo, esta evidencia es diversa e incipiente. Se realizó un estudio transversal para investigar las posibles asociaciones entre los polimorfismos DSPP (rs36094464), RUNX2 (rs566712) y KLK4 (rs198968) y la caries en la infancia. Se colectaron muestras de saliva de niños (de 2 a 11 años de edad) y se genotipificaron para los polimorfismos DSPP (rs36094464), RUNX2 (rs566712) y KLK4 (rs198968). Mediante el índice ceft se determinó su historial de caries y se estudiaron las variantes genéticas mediante técnicas de biología molecular. Los datos obtenidos indican que los polimorfismos del DSSP (rs36094464) y RUNX2 (rs566712) están asociados y contribuyen a la susceptibilidad de la enfermedad de caries dental en la infancia, ya que están - además - relacionados con el historial de caries. En conclusión, los polimorfismos estudiados en los genes DSSP y RUNX2 se asocian a la aparición de microlesiones que contribuirían a la susceptibilidad a la enfermedad de caries dental en la infancia. Creemos que este estudio es importante para la odontopediatría porque destaca el papel de DSSP (rs36094464) y RUNX2 (rs566712) y la susceptibilidad a la caries dental durante la infancia, además resalta la utilidad de la evaluación genética para la predicción y prevención de la caries dental y porque aporta evidencia que indica que los factores genéticos están implicados en la etiología de la caries.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Dental Caries/genetics , Dental Caries/epidemiology , Phosphoproteins/genetics , Polymorphism, Genetic , Saliva/chemistry , Sialoglycoproteins/genetics , Kallikreins/genetics , Cross-Sectional Studies , Dental Caries Susceptibility/genetics , Dentin , Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit/genetics , Genotype , Molecular Biology
3.
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1385769

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT: The aim of this ex vivo study was to compare the ability of the apical sealing bioceramic cements BioRoot™ RCS (Septodont) and MTA-Fillapex (Angelus). One hundred and eighty-four vestibular canals were selected from ninety-two recently extracted maxillary molars. Canals were instrumented with the mechanized system ProTaper Next and obturated using the single cone technique. The sample was randomly divided into two groups (92): Group 1 was obturated with BioRoot ™ RCS, and Group 2 with MTA-Fillapex. Samples were processed for the leakage test by dye penetration and later cut longitudinally. The data obtained were tabulated and analyzed using Stata 15.0. The degree of leakage from BioRoot ™ RCS was 0.03 mm, and MTA-Fillapex was 0.31 mm p (0.00). BioRoot ™ bioceramic presented an adequate apical sealing, while MTA-Fillapex showed an accentuated leakage.


RESUMEN: El objetivo de este studio ex vivo fue comparar la capacidad de sellado apical de dos cementos biocerámicos, el BioRoot™ RCS (Septodont) y MTA-Fillapex (Angelus). 184 conductos vestibulares fueron seleccionados de 92 molares maxilares recientemente extraídos. Los conductos fueron instrumentados con el sistema de instrumentación mecanizado Protaper Next y obturados usando la técnica de cono único. Las muestras fueron divididas aleatoriamente en dos grupos (N 92): Grupo 1 fue obturado con BioRoot™ RCS, y el grupo 2 con MTA-Fillapex. Las muestras fueron procesadas para el test de filtración por penetración de tinción, y luego cortadas de manera longitudinal. Los datos obtenidos fueron tabulados y analizados usando Stata 15.0. El grado de penetración de BioRoot™ RCS fue de 0,03 mm, y de MTA Fillapex fue de 0,31 mm (P 0.00). BioRoot™ RCSpresent un sellado apical adecuado, mientras que MTA Fillapex mostró una filtración mayor.

4.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 38(3): .333-339, jun. 2021. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1388247

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: Chlamydia trachomatis es reconocida como el agente causal de una de las infecciones de transmisión sexual (ITS) más común y curable. En mujeres, puede ser gatillante de enfermedad inflamatoria pélvica, un factor de riesgo para infertilidad o adquisición de otras ITS. OBJETIVO: Determinar C. trachomatis en mujeres con diagnóstico clínico de vaginitis asociando factores sociodemográficos, sexuales, clínicos y microbiota vaginal. PACIENTES Y MÉTODOS: Participaron 121 mujeres voluntarias > 18 años, con diagnóstico clínico de vaginitis y descarga vaginal anormal, atendidas en servicios de atención primaria en salud (APS) en Temuco-Chile. Se tomó muestra de flujo vaginal, determinándose C. trachomatis por una reacción de polimerasa en cadena convencional y microbiota vaginal por tinción de Gram. Se colectaron datos clínicos, sociodemográficos y sexuales mediante encuesta. RESULTADOS: Rango de edad 18-61 años. La frecuencia de C. trachomatis fue 14,9%. Se asoció C. trachomatis a mayor número de parejas sexuales en los últimos 5 años (p = 0,001), relaciones sexuales oral más anal (p = 0,055) y juguetes sexuales (p = 0,027). Asociación no significativa hubo con vaginosis bacteriana 31,2% (p = 0,091) e inicio de la actividad sexual < 18 años 20,6% (p = 0,07). CONCLUSIONES: Sería beneficioso incorporar en la semiología ginecológica de las mujeres atendidas en servicios de APS, los factores encontrados como favorecedores de infección por C. trachomatis, pues ello podría ayudar al manejo de esta ITS.


BACKGROUND: Chlamydia trachomatis is recognized as the causative agent of one of the most common and curable sexually transmitted infections (STIs). In women, it can be a trigger for pelvic inflammatory disease, a risk factor for infertility or acquisition of other STIs. AIM: To determine CT in women with vaginitis and associate it with sociodemographic, sexual, clinical, and vaginal microbiota factors. Methods: 121 female volunteers > 18 years of age, with a clinical diagnosis of vaginitis and abnormal vaginal discharge, attending in primary health care services (PHC) in Temuco-Chile were recluted. A vaginal discharge sample was taken, determining C. trachomatis by polymerase chain reaction and vaginal microbiota by Gram stain. Clinical, sociodemographic and sexual data were collected by survey. RESULTS: Age range was 18-61 years. The frequency of C. trachomatis was 14.9%. C. trachomatis was associated with a higher number of sexual partners in the last 5 years (p = 0.001), oral plus anal sex (p = 0.055) and sex toys (p = 0.027); there was a non-significant association with bacterial vaginosis 31.2% (p = 0.091) and initiation of sexual activity < 18 years 20.6% (p = 0.07). CONCLUSIONS: It would be beneficial to incorporate in the gynecological semiology of the women attended in PHC services, the factors found to favor C. trachomatis infection, as this could help the management of this STI.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Vaginitis/epidemiology , Chlamydia Infections/diagnosis , Chlamydia Infections/epidemiology , Sexually Transmitted Diseases , Primary Health Care , Chlamydia trachomatis , Prevalence , Risk Factors
5.
Rev. bras. ginecol. obstet ; 43(8): 600-607, 2021. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1351768

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective To determine the concordance between the clinical diagnosis of women with abnormal vaginal discharge (AVD) and laboratory results using molecular detection and observation of the vaginal microbiota. Methods Cross-sectional study conducted in 2018 in Temuco, Chile. A total of 25 midwives from 12 health centers participated. A total of 125 women>18 years old, volunteers, were recruited. The sample of the posterior vaginal fornix was obtained by speculoscopy. Characteristics of the discharge and of the external and internal genitalia were observed. Gram staining was used to observe vaginal microbiota, blastoconidia and pseudohyphae, and polymerase chain reaction was used for the detection of Trichomonas vaginalis and Candida albicans. The Cohen kappa coefficient was used in the concordance analysis. Results Out of a total of 125 women with AVD, 85.6% consulted spontaneously and 14.4% were diagnosed clinically during a routine check-up. Absolute concordance was significant (p=0.0012), with an agreement of 13.6%. The relative concordance was significant, but fair for bacterial vaginosis (Kappa=0.21; p=0.003) and candidiasis (Kappa=0.22; p=0.001), and slight for trichomoniasis (Kappa=0.14; p=0.009). The percentage of coincidence of the diagnoses (single or mixed) by laboratory and midwives was: bacterial vaginosis 63.2% (12/19), candidiasis 36.5% (27/74), and trichomoniasis 12.5% (4/32). There was 20% coinfection. A total of 36% of the clinical diagnoses of AVD had negative laboratory tests. Conclusion The vulvovaginitis conditions candidiasis and trichomoniasis appear to be overdiagnosed, and bacterial vaginosis appears to be underdiagnosed by the clinical diagnosis when compared with the laboratory diagnosis. The low concordance obtained shows the importance of complementing the clinical diagnosis with a laboratory study of AVD, particularly in women with failed treatments and/or coinfections with unspecific and varying signs and symptoms.


Resumo Objetivo Determinar a concordância entre o diagnóstico clínico de mulheres com corrimento vaginal anormal (AVD) e os resultados laboratoriais por meio da detecção molecular e observação da microbiota vaginal. Métodos Estudo transversal realizado em 2018 em Temuco, Chile. Participaram 25 parteiras de 12 centros de saúde. Um total de 125 mulheres>18 anos, voluntárias, foramrecrutadas. A amostra do fórnice vaginal posterior foi obtida por especuloscopia. Foram observadas características da secreção e da genitália externa e interna. A coloração de Gram foi usada para observar a microbiota vaginal, blastoconídios e pseudo-hifas, e a reação em cadeia da polimerase foi usada para a detecção de Trichomonas vaginalis e Candida albicans. O coeficiente kappa de Cohen foi usado na análise de concordância. Resultados De um total de 125 mulheres com AVD, 85,6% consultaram espontaneamente e 14,4% foram diagnosticados clinicamente durante um check-up de rotina. A concordância absoluta foi significativa (p=0,0012), com concordância de 13,6%. A concordância relativa foi significativa, mas razoável para vaginose bacteriana (Kappa =0,21; p=0,003) e candidíase (Kappa=0,22; p=0,001), e leve para tricomoníase (Kappa=0,14; p=0,009). O percentual de coincidência dos diagnósticos (solteiros ou mistos) por laboratório e parteiras foi: vaginose bacteriana 63,2% (12/19), candidíase 36,5% (27/74) e tricomoníase 12,5% (4/32). Houve 20% de coinfecção. Umtotal de 36% dos diagnósticos clínicos de AVD tiveram exames laboratoriais negativos. Conclusão As condições de vulvovaginite candidíase e tricomoníase parecem ser sobrediagnosticadas, e a vaginose bacteriana parece ser subdiagnosticada pelo diagnóstico clínico quando comparado com o diagnóstico laboratorial. A baixa concordância obtida mostra a importância de complementar o diagnóstico clínico comestudo laboratorial de AVD, principalmente emmulheres com falha de tratamento e / ou coinfecções com sinais e sintomas inespecíficos e variáveis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Trichomonas Vaginitis/diagnosis , Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal/diagnosis , Vaginosis, Bacterial/diagnosis , Vaginal Discharge , Chile , Cross-Sectional Studies , Clinical Laboratory Techniques
6.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1290716

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN: La UTI de Temuco es el único centro que recibe pacientes críticos en toda la Novena Región, que tiene un alto número de población mapuche y el mayor índice de pobreza de Chile. Desde 2017 Temuco cuenta con una nueva Unidad de Pacientes Críticos. Queríamos mostrar nuestra realidad de enero a diciembre de 2018. MÉTODO: Se revisaron y analizaron los egresos del período de un año descrito: edad, sexo, etnicidad, procedencia, diagnóstico de ingreso, Apache II, comorbilidad, días de hospitalización, ventilación mecánica y mortalidad. RESULTADOS: de 683 altas en el período de estudio, se obtuvieron 500 (73,3%) expedientes clínicos con datos suficientes para revisión: 54,2% hombres. Edad media 57,8 (15-92), 14,4% etnia mapuche. El 49,4% de los pacientes procedía de cirugía, el 26,4% de Urgencias y el 13,8% de UTI. Los diagnósticos de ingreso fueron, 36% neurológico, 20% digestivo, 18% respiratorio. El Apache II de admisiones fue de 16,27 (0-52). Los días de hospitalización fueron 9,7. El 92% de los ingresos fueron pacientes que requirieron ventilación mecánica. CONCLUSIONES: Somos una unidad de alta complejidad, en parte, por la complejidad de las cirugías que aquí se realizan, lo que requiere estancia en UCI posquirúrgica.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Young Adult , Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data , Hospitals, Public , Intensive Care Units/statistics & numerical data , Patient Discharge/statistics & numerical data , Ethnicity , Chile , APACHE
7.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 36(4): 421-427, ago. 2019. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1042657

ABSTRACT

Resumen Introducción: El inicio precoz de actividad sexual puede favorecer el desarrollo de alteraciones cervicales y de infecciones de transmisión sexual, en especial del virus papiloma humano (VPH) muy frecuente en adolescentes y jóvenes. Objetivo: Analizar el estado del cuello uterino, presencia del VPH y conductas sexuales en mujeres menores de 25 años. Material y Métodos: Participaron 182 estudiantes universitarias de 18-24 años, sanas, sexualmente activas y no vacunadas para VPH. Se realizó Papanicolaou (Pap) y clasificación del VPH en alto y bajo riesgo (AR y BR) mediante reacción de polimerasa en cadena en tiempo real. Las conductas sexuales fueron consultadas privadamente. Resultados: El 46,9% de los Pap presentaron alteraciones citológicas (inflamación inespecífica/hemorrágico: 29,4% y frotis atípicos (FA):10,2%). La frecuencia de los VPH-AR fue 24,3%; de éstos, 67,4% presentó un Pap alterado. Hubo asociación entre alteraciones citológicas y presencia de VPH (p < 0,0001) y años de actividad sexual y FA o neoplasia intraepitelial grado I (NIE I) (p = 0,009). El 11,9% de las jóvenes estudiadas (21/177) presentó FA o NIE I, con 66,7% de casos VPH-AR. Conclusiones: Estos hallazgos alertan la vulnerabilidad de estas jóvenes que tendrían un riesgo potencial de persistencia viral, NIE y eventualmente cáncer. Es importante enfatizar consejería y prevención previo a la edad normada de ingreso al programa de cribado para cáncer cérvico uterino en Chile.


Background: The early onset of sexual activity can promote the development of cervical alterations and sexually transmitted infections, especially the human papillomavirus (HPV) very common in adolescents and young people. Aim: The condition of the cervix, HPV and sexual behavior in young women under 25 years of age were analyzed. Methods: 182 university students, healthy, sexually active, 18-24 years old, without vaccine for HPV participated. Papanicolaou (Pap) test and classification of high and low risk HPV (HR and LR) were performed by real time polymerase chain reaction. The sexual behaviors were consulted in private. Results: The 46.9% of Pap presented cytological alterations, non-specific inflammation/hemorrhagic (29.4%) and atypical smear (10.2%) being de most frequent. The overall frequency of HPV-HR was 24.3%, of these 67.4% presented an altered Pap. There was an association between cytological alterations and HPV (p < 0.0001) and years of sexual activity and atypical smear or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade I (CIN I) (p = 0.009). 11.9% of young women (21/177) presented atypical smear or CIN I, with 66.7% of cases HPV-HR. Conclusions: These findings alert the vulnerability of these young women who would have a potential risk of viral persistence, CIN and eventually cancer. It is important to emphasize counseling and prevention prior to the regular age of admission to the screening program for cervical cancer. This study was financed by the Universidad de La Frontera through Projects DI15-0047 and DI17-0123.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Young Adult , Papillomaviridae/isolation & purification , Sexual Behavior/statistics & numerical data , Students/statistics & numerical data , DNA, Viral/analysis , Papillomavirus Infections/diagnosis , Papillomaviridae/genetics , Universities , Chile/epidemiology , Mass Screening , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Risk Factors , Papillomavirus Infections/epidemiology , Papanicolaou Test
8.
Ciênc. rural (Online) ; 49(10): e20190428, 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1045248

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT: Baccharis alnifolia Meyen & Walp. is a native and medicinal, Chilean Altiplano herb that is used as a poultice and also consumed as an infusion to relieve inflammation. This study evaluated the antioxidant and cytotoxic effect of the ethanolic extract of B. alnifolia and their infusion. It was reported that the ethanol extract contains 4.42 mg GAE/g of dry weight and the infusion contains 35.86 mg GAE/L of total polyphenols. Also, it determined the antioxidant capacity using Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) assay. Moreover, seven metabolites including between phenolic acids and flavonoids were identified for the first time in both extracts of the medicinal plant Baccharis alnifolia. The UHPLC-DAD chromatograms revealed the majority presence of ferulic acid and luteolin, both could be responsible for the antioxidant and cytotoxic activity. Furthermore, we realized a preliminary screening of cytotoxicity in different tumor cell lines, finding that these extracts have cytotoxic potential on kidney cells.


RESUMO: Baccharis alnifolia Meyen & Walp. é uma erva altiplana nativa e medicinal, chilena que é usada como cataplasma e também consumida como uma infusão para aliviar a inflamação. Este estudo avaliou o efeito antioxidante e citotóxico do extrato etanólico de B. alnifolia e sua infusão. Verificou-se que o extrato etanólico contém 4,42 mg GAE / g de peso seco e a infusão contém 35,86 mg GAE / L de polifenóis totais. Além disso, determinou a capacidade antioxidante utilizando o poder antioxidante redutor de Fração (FRAP), Capacidade de Absorção Radical de Oxigênio (ORAC) e capacidade antioxidante equivalente de Trolox (TEAC). Além disso, sete metabólitos, entre ácidos fenólicos e flavonóides, foram identificados pela primeira vez em ambos os extratos da planta medicinal Baccharis alnifolia. Os cromatogramas UHPLC-DAD revelaram a presença majoritária de ácido ferúlico e luteolina, ambos podendo ser responsáveis pela atividade antioxidante e citotóxica. Além disso, realizamos uma triagem preliminar da citotoxicidade em diferentes linhagens de células tumorais, descobrindo que esses extratos têm potencial citotóxico nas células renais.

9.
Cienc. Trab ; 20(62): 90-96, ago. 2018. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-974653

ABSTRACT

Resumen: Introducción: La silicosis es una enfermedad pulmonar progresiva, irreversible, pero potencialmente prevenible. Conocer la percepción de riesgo en trabajadores expuestos a sílice es necesario para intervenir y reducir la incidencia de silicosis y otras enfermedades relacionadas. El objetivo de este estudio fue validar un Cuestionario de Percepción de Riesgo de Exposición Ocupacional a Sílice (CuPREOS) en trabajadores expuestos, en distintas actividades laborales en Temuco, Chile. Material y método: Una etapa de exploración con enfoque fenomenológico/ naturalista permitió conformar categorías de primer y segundo orden, que concluyó en una primera versión del instrumento. Una segunda etapa incluyó análisis factorial exploratorio y confirmatorio. Resultados: Se develaron dos dimensiones subyacentes: a) evidencia de riesgo, en la que el trabajador manifiesta evaluar señales de alarma y b) ausencia de riesgo, en la que sopesa aspectos que contrarrestan las anteriores. Ambas configuran la estructura conceptual que conforma el CuPREOS de 9 ítems/preguntas, con una confiabilidad de 0.84 (alfa Cronbach). Los indicadores del análisis confirmatorio revelan un buen ajuste del mode lo. Discusión: la percepción de riesgo es un constructo que involucra complejidades sociales y culturales, su medición debe ser sencilla y práctica; su conocimiento permitiría decisiones más efectivas en pre vención e intervención.


Abstract: Introduction: Silicosis is a progressive lung disease, irreversible, but potentially preventable. Knowing the perception of risk in workers exposed to silica is necessary to intervene and reduce the incidence of silicosis and other related diseases. The objective of this study was to validate a Questionnaire of risk perception of occupational expo sure to silica (CuPREOS) in exposed workers, in different work activities in Temuco, Chile. Material and method: A stage of explo ration with phenomenological/naturalist approach allowed to create categories of first and second order, which ended in a first version of the instrument. The second stage included exploratory and con firmatory factor analysis. Results: two underlying dimensions were revealed: a) evidence of risk, in which worker states to evaluate signals of alarm and b) absence of risk, in which he weighs aspects that counteract the previous ones. Both set up the conceptual frame work that sustain the CuPREOS of 9 items/questions, with a reliabil ity of 0.84 (Cronbach alfa). The confirmatory analysis indicators show a good fit of the model. Discussion: the perception of risk is a construct involving social and cultural complexities, its measurement should be simple and practical; its knowledge would enable more effective decision-making in prevention and intervention.


Subject(s)
Humans , Free Silica/adverse effects , Surveys and Questionnaires , Occupational Exposure , Risk Assessment/methods , Perception , Silicosis/etiology , Occupational Risks , Chile , Reproducibility of Results , Risk Factors , Factor Analysis, Statistical , Silicon Dioxide
10.
Enfermeria (Montev.) ; 7(1): 17-26, jun. 2018. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-953241

ABSTRACT

Resumen: El objetivo de la investigación fue conocer la capacidad diagnóstica de las escalas Braden Q y Norton para el desarrollo de úlceras por presión en pacientes pediátricos de Unidades Críticas en un hospital de alta complejidad en Chile. Es un estudio transversal de comparación de pruebas diagnósticas en pacientes ingresados a unidades críticas. La muestra fue no probabilística, por conveniencia de 118 niños. Se analizaron ambas escalas respetando los preceptos, para comparar la capacidad discriminativa de dos pruebas diagnósticas y verificar que ambas sean medidos simultáneamente aplicadas sobre los mismos sujetos. La investigación contó con aprobación de comité de Ética Servicio de Salud y Consentimiento Informado firmado de los padres de los niños. Se determinó que la sensibilidad de la escala Braden Q, a las 24 y 48 horas, es menor que la presentada por la Norton en las mismas evaluaciones; presenta valor predictivo positivo más alto en ambas mediciones, como también la razón de probabilidad (+). Se concluye que Braden Q es la escala idónea para valorar el riesgo de desarrollar UPP en la población pediátrica; presenta mayor confiabilidad


Resumo: O objetivo da investigação foi conhecer a capacidade diagnóstica das escalas Braden Q e Norton, para o desenvolvimento de úlceras de pressão (UPP) em pacientes pediátricos de unidades críticas, em um hospital altamente complexo, no Chile. É um estudo transversal que compara testes diagnósticos em pacientes admitidos em unidades críticas. A amostra não era probabilística, para a conveniência de 118 crianças. Ambas as escalas foram analisadas respeitando os preceitos, para comparar a capacidade discriminativa de dois testes de diagnóstico e verificar que ambos são medidos simultaneamente, aplicados nos mesmos assuntos. A pesquisa foi aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética, Serviço de Saúde e Consentimento Informado assinado por pais de crianças. Determinou-se que a sensibilidade da escala de Braden Q, às 24 e 48 horas, é menor que a apResentada por Norton nas mesmas avaliações, possui maior valor preditivo positivo em ambas as medidas, bem como a razão de probabilidade (+). Conclui-se que Braden Q é a escala ideal para avaliar o risco de desenvolver UPP na população pediátrica, e apresenta maior confiabilidade


Abstract: The objective of the investigation was to evaluate the diagnostic capacity of the Braden Q and Norton scales for the development of pressure ulcers in pediatric patients of Critical Units in a highly complex hospital in Chile. It is a cross-sectional study comparing diagnostic tests in patients admitted to critical units. The sample was non-probabilistic, for the convenience of 118 children. Both scales were analyzed respecting the precepts, in order to compare the discriminative capacity of two diagnostic tests verifying that both are measured simultaneously while applied on the same subjects. The research was approved by the Ethics Committee, Health Service and Informed Consent signed by the parents of the children. It was determined that the sensitivity of the Braden Q scale, at 24 and 48 hours, is lower than Norton´s in the same evaluations; it has a higher positive predictive value in both measurements, as well as the probability ratio (+). It is concluded that Braden Q is the ideal scale to assess the risk of developing pressure ulcers in the pediatric population; it presents greater reliability

11.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 145(10): 1243-1251, oct. 2017. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-902438

ABSTRACT

Background: Vitamin K antagonists significantly decrease the incidence of stroke but increase the risk of bleeding. Aim: To assess the effectiveness and risk of bleeding of vitamin K antagonists in non-valvular atrial fibrillation. Material and Methods: Retrospective cohort study of 524 patients, 236 women (45%) and 288 men (55%) with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) admitted to the oral anticoagulation treatment (OAT) clinic at four public hospitals, between 2009 and 2012. They were followed until March 2013, measuring the quality of OAT, ischemic and bleeding events. Results: The mean follow-up was 26.1 months, with 1,154.7 person-years of follow-up accrued. The percentage of time in therapeutic range (TTR) was 35.2 ± 18%; this was deemed to represent the quality of OAT. The cumulative incidence of ischemic events, either stroke or systemic embolism, was 2.25/100 person-years, being greater in patients with previous embolism (Risk ratio 5.21, 95% confidence intervals 2.31- 11.73, p < 0.01). The cumulative incidence of major bleeding events-extracranial and intracraneal-was 4.08/100 person-years. The main site of extracranial major bleeding was the gastrointestinal tract (32%). Conclusions: In our clinical practice, the effectiveness of OAT with acenocoumarol in NVAF patients is similar to that published abroad. However, the incidence of bleeding complications is higher. The quality of the OAT measured by the TTR was lower than abroad.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Atrial Fibrillation/complications , Stroke/prevention & control , Acenocoumarol/therapeutic use , Anticoagulants/therapeutic use , Atrial Fibrillation/mortality , Administration, Oral , Retrospective Studies , Follow-Up Studies , Treatment Outcome , Risk Assessment , Hemorrhage/chemically induced , Acenocoumarol/adverse effects , Anticoagulants/adverse effects
12.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 144(7): 886-893, jul. 2016. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-794002

ABSTRACT

Background: Parasitic infections in children reflect social inequalities throughout the world, especially in urban and rural territories. Aim: To assess inequalities in the prevalence of infections by protozoa and intestinal helminths and associated factors in children of different geographical areas from the commune of Puerto Montt. Material and Methods: Cross-sectional study carried out in 103 students from one urban and two rural schools in the commune of Puerto Montt. A socio-demographic survey was applied and the presence parasitic infections was evaluated in serial stool samples. Results: The prevalence of Protozoan and intestinal helminthic infections were 37.5 and 68.1% in urban and rural areas respectively. A regression analysis showed that the differences between rural and urban children, disappear when the results are adjusted by family income and the quality of sewage disposal. In urban children, the prevalence of parasitic infections increases along with the decrease in family income. Conclusions: Income and sanitary conditions rather than being or urban or rural origin explain the variations in rates of childhood parasitic infections. Infections with protozoa and intestinal helminths are an indicator of social inequality in health.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Rural Population/statistics & numerical data , Urban Population/statistics & numerical data , Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/epidemiology , Socioeconomic Factors , Students , Chile/epidemiology , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Feces/parasitology
13.
Int. j. odontostomatol. (Print) ; 9(3): 457-462, dic. 2015. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-775471

ABSTRACT

Para el éxito de un tratamiento endodóntico es fundamental un correcto diagnóstico pulpar. Existen controversias con respecto a la validez de los métodos diagnósticos comúnmente utilizados en la práctica diaria por el odontólogo para determinar la condición del estado pulpar. El objetivo fue determinar la validez de dos de las pruebas pulpares (de frío y calor) más comúnmente usadas por estudiantes de pregrado en pacientes que acuden a una clínica de endodoncia. Se realizó un estudio de corte transversal, en 49 pacientes (54 dientes) que acudieron para atención de endodoncia, y que cumplían con los criterios de selección de este estudio. La sensibilidad para la prueba de frío y calor fue 75,9% y para la prueba combinada (frío y calor) fue 69% versus sangrado cameral. La especificidad para la prueba de frío fue 80%, para la prueba de calor 76% y para la prueba combinada 84%. La prueba de frío o del calor por sí sola tiene mayor sensibilidad que aplicada de manera combinada. En cambio, se consiguió una mayor especificidad al combinar ambas pruebas diagnósticas, que por sí solas.


For successful endodontic treatment a correct diagnosis for pulp diseases is essential. Controversy exists regarding the validity of diagnostic methods commonly used in daily practice by the dentist to determine the condition of the pulp state. The aim of this study was to determine the validity of two thermal tests (cold and heat stimuli) most commonly used by undergraduates students in patients in patients treated in endodontic dental clinic. Cross-sectional study was performed in 49 patients (54 teeth) who needed endodontics treatment, and meeting the criteria of this study. Sensitivity to cold and heat test was 75.9% and the combined test (hot and cold) was 69%. The specificity for the cold test was 80%, for the heat test was 76%, and for the combined test 84%. The cold or heat test alone, shows more sensitivity than the combination. However, higher specificity was achieved by combining both tests.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Young Adult , Students, Dental , Dental Pulp Test/methods , Temperature , Cross-Sectional Studies , Predictive Value of Tests , Reproducibility of Results , Sensitivity and Specificity
14.
Rev. chil. cardiol ; 33(3): 181-188, dic. 2014. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-743820

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La asociación entre cardiopatía coronaria (CC) y estados de disglicemia está bien establecida. Sin embargo, aún cuando la diabetes mellitus (DM) corresponde a uno de los principales factores de riesgo para CC, la asociación con el síndrome metabólico (SM) parece menos clara. Nuestro objetivo fue evaluar el grado de compromiso aterosclerótico del árbol coronario de acuerdo a la existencia de SM y DM. Pacientes y método: Se analizó los datos de 413 pacientes sometidos a coronariografía electiva en el período de un año. Se dividió la muestra en 3 grupos: pacientes diabéticos, pacientes con SM (no diabéticos) y pacientes sin enfermedad metabólica (no SM, no DM). Se consideró como portador de CC a todo paciente con estenosis >50 por ciento en cualquier arteria coronaria, la severidad de la enfermedad coronaria fue medida por el Score de Gensini. Se utilizó análisis de varianza (Barlett) con comparación múltiple de Scheffe y prueba no paramétrica de Krus-kal-Wallis en aquellos grupos con varianzas distintas. El protocolo fue aprobado por el Comité Ético Científico del Servicio de Salud Araucanía Sur. Resultados: La edad promedio fue 63.8 +/- 11,17 años. La prevalencia de SM fue 38 por ciento (n=158), DM 45 por ciento (n=186) y no tenían alteraciones metabólicas 17 por ciento de los pacientes (n=69). La prevalencia global de enfermedad coronaria fue 52,7 por ciento. La prevalencia en los distintos grupos fue 33.9 por ciento en aquellos sin enfermedad metabólica, 52.2 por ciento en los portadores de SM y 62.2 por ciento en los pacientes con DM (p=0.001). En cuanto a la severidad de la CC, el score de Gensini fue 18, 22,04 y 29,6 respectivamente (p=0,04). Conclusiones: Este estudio observacional sugiere que, comparados con sujetos sin enfermedad metabólica tanto la prevalencia de CC, como su severidad son mayores en pacientes con SM aislado y mayores aún en portadores de DM.


Introduction: The association between coronary artery (CAD) and dysglicemia is well established. Diabetes (DM) is recognized as one of the most important coronary risk factors, but the association of CAD and metabolic syndrome (MS) is less well defined. Our objective was to evaluate the degree of coronary atherosclerotic disease in relation to the presence of MS and DM . Patients and Method: The data of 413 patients electively studied with coronary angiography over a period of one year was analyzed. Patients were divided into three groups: Patients with DM, patients with MS (without DM) and patients without a metabolic disorder (no DM, no MS). The severity of CAD was measured by the Gensini Score. Results: Mean age was 63,8 +/-11,17 years. The prevalence of patients with MS was 38 percent (n=158), with DM 45 percent (n=186) and without a metabolic disorder 17 percent (n=69). The global prevalence of CAD was 52,7 percent. The prevalence of CAD in the different groups was as follows: Absence of metabolic disease 33.9 percent, patients with MS 52.2 percent and patients with DM 62.2 percent (p< 0.001). Conclusions: This observational study suggests that, compared to subjects without metabolic disease, the prevalence and severity of CAD are higher in patients with MS and even higher in patients with DM.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Coronary Artery Disease/epidemiology , Metabolic Syndrome/epidemiology , Analysis of Variance , Coronary Angiography , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Coronary Artery Disease/pathology , Linear Models , Observational Study , Prevalence , Risk Assessment , Severity of Illness Index , Metabolic Syndrome/pathology , Waist-Hip Ratio
15.
Buenos Aires; IECS; abr. 2014. [{"_e": "", "_c": "", "_b": "tab", "_a": ""}].(Documento Técnico, 8).
Monography in Spanish | LILACS, BRISA, MINSALCHILE | ID: biblio-833669

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: El objetivo inicial del proyecto, comenzado en el año 2005, fue seleccionar y desarrollar el marco metodológico más adecuado, así como elaborar un modelo económico común, con el fin de estimar la carga de enfermedad relacionada con el tabaquismo y la costo-efectividad de las intervenciones para controlar la epidemia del tabaco en América Latina.En este reporte se presentan los detalles del modelo económico, el proceso de calibración y validación para adecuarlo a la realidad de Chile y los resultados de carga de enfermedad atribuible al tabaquismo, medida tanto en términos de salud como económicos. Materiales e Métodos: Se describen a continuación los siguientes puntos relacionados con el desarrollo y utilización del modelo económico: 1) Etapa inicial de diagnóstico de situación, 2) Descripción del modelo, 3) Metodología utilizada para la selección de fuentes de información e incorporación de parámetros, 4) Proceso de calibración y validación, 5) Estimación de carga de enfermedad, 6) Aspectos metodológicos de los datos epidemiológicos considerados, y 7) Características de la información de costos de atención médica requerida para el modelo. Conclusión: En Chile el tabaquismo es responsable de una importante cantidad de muertes prematuras, enfermedad y costos sanitarios. El mayor peso está dado por las enfermedades cardiovasculares, la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica y el cáncer de pulmón. Su impacto en la mortalidad y en la calidad de vida es responsable en forma directa de la pérdida de 428.588 años de vida (por muerte prematura y discapacidad) cada año y explica el 18,5% de todas las muertes que se producen en el país. El tabaquismo genera además un costo directo anual de más de 1 billón de pesos chilenos. Es esperable que los resultados de este estudio contribuyan a tomar conciencia sobre los efectos del tabaco y sean un soporte para que los responsables de las políticas puedan llevar adelante intervenciones para reducir su consumo, lograr la implementación de mayores impuestos al tabaco e instalar las políticas de control promovidas por el Convenio Marco de la Organización Mundial de la Salud para el Control del Tabaco (CMCT-OMS).


Subject(s)
Humans , Social Control Policies , Smoking/economics , Smoking/mortality , Health Care Costs/statistics & numerical data , Cardiovascular Diseases/chemically induced , Cardiovascular Diseases/mortality , Chile/epidemiology , Incidence , Prevalence , Life Expectancy , Cost-Benefit Analysis , Neoplasms/chemically induced , Neoplasms/mortality
16.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 142(supl.1): 16-21, ene. 2014.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-708836

ABSTRACT

This article reviews the most relevant methodological aspects involved in Health Technology Assessment (HTA). Firstly, it addresses the process of defining the research problem (or scoping). Then it explains some specific aspects of systematic reviews of evidence, as well as indirect and mixed comparisons of the effectiveness of interventions. It covers also the methods for economic evaluation in healthcare and the budget impact analysis of interventions. Finally, the paper provides an empirical insight on the methodological emphasis used by HTA agencies around the world, and reflects on the available capacities in our country in the topics discussed.


Subject(s)
Humans , Technology Assessment, Biomedical/methods , Cost-Benefit Analysis , Evidence-Based Medicine , Technology Assessment, Biomedical/economics
17.
Bol. latinoam. Caribe plantas med. aromát ; 12(4): 413-419, jul. 2013. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-724335

ABSTRACT

Acantholippia deserticola (Phil.ex F. Phil.) Moldenke is a Verbenaceae that has long been used in traditional medicine in Tarapacá (Chile) as an analgesic, anti-inflammatory and aphrodisiac agent. Sincé alpha - and beta -thujone were identified as the main constituents (88.4 percent) of the essential oil from this plant, we investigated its biological properties. The results show that the essential oil from Acantholippia deserticola decreased locomotive and rearing activity compared to control group rats, including those treated with diazepam, but the essential oil had no effects on head movements or grooming. The essential oil also had significant anxiolytic and antidepressant effects. This essential oil, therefore, has sedative, anxiolytic and antidepressant actions on the rat central nervous system.


Acantholippia deserticola es una Verbenaceae de uso en la medicina tradicional como analgésico, antiinflamatorio y afrodisíaco en la región de Tarapacá, Chile. En el aceite esencial se ha identificado alfa - and beta -tuyonas como principales constituyentes (88.4 por ciento) de esta planta, que ha llevado a investigar sus propiedades biológicas. Los resultados muestran que el aceite esencial de Acantholippia deserticola disminuye la locomoción y el levantamiento en dos patas, en comparación con el grupo control, incluido el tratado por el diazepam, pero el aceite esencial no tuvo efecto sobre la sacudida de cabeza y el acicalamiento. En ambas pruebas, se observa un efecto significativo del aceite esencial en los efectos ansiolíticos y antidepresivos, lo que indica que el aceite esencial tiene actividad sedante, ansiolítica y antidepresiva en el sistema nervioso central.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Oils, Volatile/pharmacology , Anti-Anxiety Agents/pharmacology , Antidepressive Agents/pharmacology , Verbenaceae/chemistry , Oils, Volatile/chemistry , Medicine, Traditional , Monoterpenes/analysis , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Central Nervous System
18.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 141(4): 464-470, abr. 2013. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-680469

ABSTRACT

Background: Postpartum depression (PPD) has adverse effects on psychomotor development of the offspring. Aim: To evaluate the relationship between PPD and psychomotor development in children aged 18 months, consulting in primary care. Material and Methods: Cross-sectional study with 360 infants and their mothers. Children had their psychomotor evaluation atl8 months and mothers completed the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale at 4 and 12 weeks postpartum. The prevalence of both PPD and psychomotor alteration was estimated. The association between PPD and psychomotor alteration, including confounding variables, was estimated through logistic multiple regression analysis. Results: The prevalence of PPD and psychomotor alteration was 29 and 16%, respectively Mothers with PPD had twice the probability of havingan offspring with psychomotor alteration (Odds ratio = 2.0, confidence intervals = 1.07-3.68). This probability was significantly higher among single mothers or those with an unstable partner. Conclusions: PPD has a detrimental impact on psychomotor development of children.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Depression, Postpartum/psychology , Psychomotor Disorders/etiology , Birth Weight , Chile/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Depression, Postpartum/epidemiology , Prevalence , Primary Health Care , Psychomotor Disorders/epidemiology , Risk Factors
19.
Int. j. odontostomatol. (Print) ; 6(3): 275-280, 2012. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-676185

ABSTRACT

La satisfacción usuaria es definida como la medida en que los profesionales de salud logran cumplir las necesidades y expectativas del usuario. En distintos países de Latinoamérica, estudios revelan que los niveles de satisfacción usuaria superan el 80 por ciento en el área dental en general. Sin embargo en Chile no se han realizado estudios nacionales en relación al tema. En la región de la Araucanía tampoco existen estudios al respecto. Se planteó conocer el porcentaje de satisfacción usuaria de pacientes que reciben atención de urgencia dental en cinco establecimientos de Atención primaria de la salud de la ciudad de Temuco. Para la recolección de datos se aplicó un formulario estandarizado a 305 pacientes durante el año 2011. Del total de la muestra, un 53,4 por ciento fueron mujeres, un 60,9 por ciento están en el rango etario de 20-60 años. El 54,8 por ciento de los pacientes consultó por dolor. El tratamiento que más se realizó fue exodoncia la exodoncia dental (62,3 por ciento) seguida por la entrega de recetas médicas (22,9 por ciento). Un 52,1 por ciento consideró excesivo el tiempo de espera. Los ítems evaluados positivamente fueron el buen trato del dentista (99 por ciento), el tiempo de examen (83,6 por ciento). Un 64,6 por ciento considera que no hay suficientes dentistas, sin embargo la mayoría de los pacientes opina que se les solucionó el problema (85,3 por ciento), así como un 90,5 por ciento se consideró satisfecho con la atención. Se obtuvo asociación significativa (p<0,05) entre la satisfacción y las variables tiempo de espera, horario de atención, tiempo que duró la atención, información que se entregó o no cuando se recetaron medicamentos, equipamiento del consultorio, cantidad de dentistas y resolución del problema. Los resultados obtenidos plantean una tendencia que sería interesante abordar con una escala de satisfacción usuaria que permita una asociación más exacta con las variables estudiadas...


User satisfaction is defined as the patient's perception of the "degree in which health care professionals satisfy the needs and expectations of the user", or as "the degree of congruity between users' expectations about ideal health care services, and their perception of the health care they actually receive". At present, there are no statistics on health care user satisfaction in the Araucanía Region. Most of the Latin American countries, a number of studies indicate that the level of user satisfaction exceeds 80 percent for dental care services as a whole. In our study, a standard questionnaire was answered by 305 patients. Of these 305 patients, 53.4 percent were females, and 60.9 percent were in the 20-60 year age bracket; 54.8 percent of all patients had approached the health center because of pain. The most-frequently applied treatment was tooth extraction (62.3 percent), followed by prescription of medication (22.9 percent). Regarding user satisfaction, over half the patients (52.1 percent) felt that waiting time was unduly long. As for the aspects which received a positive evaluation, the overwhelming majority (99 percent) felt that they were well-treated by the dentist; 83.6 percent felt that the time taken by the dentist for diagnosis was adequate; they also appreciated the fact that almost all patients (96.9 percent) receiving a medical prescription were informed of the purpose of the medication, and were given instruction on when and how to take it. 64.6 percent of respondents said that there are not enough dentists at the health center but, at the same time, 85.3 percent stated that the dentist had resolved their problem, and 90.5 percent said they were satisfied with the services received, as a whole. Statistically significant results were obtained on the following aspects of user satisfaction: waiting time; opening hours; effective duration of the dental care received; information given to the patient at the time of prescribing medication...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Female , Young Adult , Middle Aged , Dental Care , Emergency Medical Services , Patient Satisfaction , Primary Health Care , Chile , Cross-Sectional Studies , Dental Health Services , Emergencies , Surveys and Questionnaires
20.
Rev. peru. cardiol. (Lima) ; 35(1): 5-10, ene.-abr. 2009. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: lil-565400

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Determinar el grado de correlación y concordancia entre los principales esquemas de clasificación clínica (ECC) para predecir ECV en fibrilación auricular no valvular (FANV). Material y métodos: Durante el año 2004, a todos los pacientes con FANV se les aplicó los ECC AFI, SPAF, ACCP y CHADS2, y se analizó el grado de correlación y concordancia entre ellos. Resultados: El grado de correlación encontrado entre los esquemas CHADS2 y AFI (Tau-b =0.339, p menor que 0.001; rho =0.372, p menor que 0.001); CHADS2 y ACCP (Tau-b =0.257, p menor que 0.001; rho =0.284, p menor que 0.001); CHADS2 y SPAF (Tau-b =0.296, p menor que 0.001; rho =0.326, p menor que 0.001) fue de bajo a moderado. El grado de concordancia entre los esquemas AFI y ACCP fue muy bueno (k =0.865); entre los esquemas AFI y SPAF (k = 0.606) y entre ACCP y SPAF (k = 0.677) fue bueno; mientras que el encontrado entre los esquemas AFI y CHADS2 (k = 0.006), ACCP y CHADS2 (k = 0.004), y SPAF y CHADS2 (k = 0.003) fue insignificante. Conclusiones: Los ECC AFI, SPAF, ACCP y CHADS2 en general tienen un grado de correlación y concordancia bastante pobre.


Objective: To determine the degree of correlation and agreement between the main clinical classification schemes (ECC) in predicting CVD in non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). Material and methods: During 2004, we applied to all patients with NVAF the ECC AFI, SPAF, ACCP and CHADS2 in order to analyze the degree of correlation and agreement between them. Results: The degree of correlation found between the ECCÆs CHADS2 and AFI (Tau-b =0.339, p less than 0.001, rho =0.372, p less than 0.001), ACCP and CHADS2 (Tau-b =0.257, p less than 0.001, rho =0.284, p less than 0.001), and CHADS2 and SPAF (Tau-b =0.296, p less than 0.001, rho =0.326, p less than 0.001) was low to moderate. The degree of agreement between AFI and ACCP schemes was very good (k =0.865). Between the AFI and SPAF schemes (k =0.606) and between SPAF and ACCP (k =0.677) was good. While the correlations patterns found among AFI and CHADS2 (k =0.006), CHADS2 and ACCP (k =0.004) and CHADS2 and SPAF (k =0,003) was negligible. Conclusions: The ECC AFI, SPAF, ACCP y CHADS2 has in general a poor degree of correlation and agreement.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Risk Factors , Atrial Fibrillation , Cerebrovascular Trauma , Case-Control Studies , Hospitals
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